Herniated Discs
The spinal disc (AKA intravertebral disc) is a ligamentous structure that connects two vertebral bones together. The structure of the disc is similar to a jelly doughnut. The outer element (annulus) is a fibrous material that provides strength and support and inner material is a gelatinous material (nucleus pulposis) like a hydraulic shock absorber. A “herniated disc” implies rupture of the annulus which results in leaking out of the nucleus which can irritate spinal nerves. Irritation can occur by direct pressure of the disc on the nerve or a “chemical” effect of the disc which also irritates the nerves Herniated discs commonly occur due to a twisting type of injury combined with compression. Symptoms characteristic of a herniated disc are back pain and spasm accompanied by leg pain, numbness and weakness. The diagnosis of a herniated disc can be made by physical examination by a physician and reliably confirmed with an MRI
Recommendations:
- Consult a physician if you think you have a herniated disc
- Acute treatment starts with reduction of inflammation - RICE regimen (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation).
- Prevention involves strength and conditioning emphasizing core strengthening
- Immobilization of the shoulder take place in an Arm Sling and/or Shoulder immobilizer
- Back rehabilitation program that involves core stabilization and trunk stabilization can be useful for injury prevention
- Use Lumbar Supports